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Extending spin ice concepts to another geometry: the artificial triangular spin ice

机译:将旋转冰概念扩展到另一个几何:人造的   三角形旋转冰

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摘要

In this work we propose and study a realization of an artificial spinice-like system, not based on any real material, in a triangular geometry. Ateach vertex of the lattice, the "ice-like rule" dictates that three spins mustpoint inward while the other three must point outward. We have studied thesystem's ground-state and the lowest energy excitations as well as thethermodynamic properties of the system. Our results show that, despitefundamental differences in the vertices topologies as compared to theartificial square spin ice, in the triangular array the lowest energyexcitations also behave as a kind of Nambu monopoles (two opposite monopolesconnected by an energetic string). Indeed, our results suggest that themonopoles charge value may have a universal value while the string tensioncould be tuned by changing the system's geometry, probably allowing the designof systems with different string tensions. Our Monte Carlo results suggest aphase transition in the Ising universality class where the mean distancebetween monopoles and anti-monopoles increases considerably at the criticaltemperature. The differences on the vertices topologies seem to facilitate theexperimental achievement of the system's ground-state, thereby allowing a moredetailed experimental study of the system's properties.
机译:在这项工作中,我们提出并研究了三角形几何结构中不基于任何实际材料的类似人工刺状系统的实现。在晶格的每个顶点处,“类似冰的规则”规定三个旋转必须指向内部,而其他三个必须指向外部。我们已经研究了系统的基态和最低能量激发以及系统的热力学性质。我们的结果表明,尽管与人工正方形自旋冰相比,顶点拓扑在根本上存在差异,但在三角形阵列中,最低的能量激发也表现为一种Nambu单极子(两个相反的单极子,由高能弦连接)。确实,我们的结果表明,单极电荷值可能具有通用值,而弦张力可以通过更改系统的几何形状进行调整,这可能允许设计具有不同弦张力的系统。我们的蒙特卡洛结果表明,在Ising通用性类中发生了相变,其中临界温度下单极子和反单极子之间的平均距离大大增加。顶点拓扑的差异似乎促进了系统基态的实验实现,从而允许对系统特性进行更详细的实验研究。

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